In late sepsis, what typically happens to systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?

In late sepsis, systemic vascular resistance (SVR) typically decreases. This occurs due to the widespread vasodilation resulting from the release of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines. During the early stages of sepsis, the body’s response may include increased SVR as a compensatory mechanism to maintain perfusion and blood pressure. However, as sepsis progresses and becomes more severe, the administration of various substances such as nitric oxide leads to significant vasodilation, which reduces SVR.

This decrease in systemic vascular resistance is a hallmark of the septic state and is primarily why individuals in late sepsis may present with hypotension and require fluid resuscitation and vasopressors to counteract the effects of decreased vascular tone. Understanding this physiological change is crucial for proper management of patients in sepsis to ensure adequate perfusion and organ function.