What does Residual Volume (RV) represent in lung physiology?

Residual Volume (RV) represents the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a person has performed a maximum expiration. This volume is critical in lung physiology because it prevents the alveoli from collapsing and ensures that there is always some air available in the lungs for gas exchange, even between breaths.

RV is a key component of lung capacity measurements, as it contributes to the overall functioning of the respiratory system by maintaining a baseline level of gas in the lungs. This residual air is vital for the continuous process of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange that occurs throughout the respiratory cycle.

Understanding Residual Volume helps in assessing lung health, especially in conditions like obstructive lung diseases, where the amount of air retained in the lungs may be increased. Recognizing the importance of RV in maintaining lung function and supporting effective gas exchange highlights its significance in both clinical assessments and respiratory physiology.