What effect does a deficiency of ADH have on kidney function?

A deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, significantly impacts kidney function by leading to an inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine effectively. This hormone is crucial for the kidneys as it promotes water reabsorption in the collecting ducts. When there is a deficiency of ADH, whether due to conditions such as diabetes insipidus or other factors, the kidneys do not retain water as they should.

As a result, the kidneys fail to respond properly to the presence of ADH, leading to a situation where more water is excreted in the urine. This lack of response means that the body cannot maintain its fluid balance appropriately, resulting in diluted urine and increased urine output. This physiological change directly impacts a person's hydration status and electrolyte balance.

In summary, the effect of ADH deficiency on kidney function hinges on the kidneys' reduced ability to respond to the hormone, which is critical for water reabsorption and maintaining fluid balance within the body.