What is a distinguishing function of the anterior cord syndrome?

The distinguishing function of anterior cord syndrome is the preservation of sensation, particularly light touch and proprioception, while there is a loss of motor function and pain and temperature sensation. Anterior cord syndrome usually occurs due to infarction or injury to the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord, often affecting the corticospinal and spinothalamic tracts.

In this condition, the sensory pathways responsible for pain and temperature sensation are affected because these pathways cross over to the opposite side of the body and run within the affected anterior spinal cord. However, proprioceptive pathways, which are responsible for deep touch and body awareness, remain intact, explaining why patients can still sense touch even if they cannot feel pain or temperature.

As such, this preservation of certain sensory modalities, despite the presence of motor deficits, is a critical feature that helps to differentiate anterior cord syndrome from other cord syndromes. This understanding is vital for recognizing the implications of the injury and for developing an appropriate management plan for affected patients.