What is the most common viral agent responsible for bronchiolitis in children?

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is recognized as the most common viral agent responsible for bronchiolitis in children. This is particularly significant in infants and young children under the age of two, who experience the highest prevalence of this virus. RSV primarily infects the epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract, leading to inflammation and obstruction of the small airways (bronchioles), which characterizes bronchiolitis.

The clinical presentation of RSV-related bronchiolitis often includes symptoms such as wheezing, cough, and difficulty breathing, commonly observed during peak respiratory virus seasons. The importance of RSV in pediatric respiratory illnesses is well documented, making it a critical focus in both clinical practice and public health initiatives aimed at reducing morbidity associated with respiratory infections in children. This understanding underscores why RSV stands out as the primary viral agent in cases of bronchiolitis.