What is the normal range for sodium (Na+) levels in the blood?

Sodium (Na+) is an essential electrolyte in the body, playing a critical role in maintaining fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions. The normal serum sodium levels typically range from 135 to 145 mEq/L. This range is crucial for physiological functions, and deviations from it can lead to significant health issues.

When sodium levels fall below the normal range, a condition known as hyponatremia can occur, which may result in symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and muscle weakness. Conversely, levels above the normal range can lead to hypernatremia, which can cause symptoms like thirst, confusion, and can lead to more severe complications such as brain damage.

Understanding the normal sodium level range is vital for any healthcare professional, particularly in critical care, where electrolyte imbalances can be life-threatening and require prompt and appropriate management. Thus, the correct range is well-established at 135-145 mEq/L, aligning with the understanding and clinical practice regarding sodium levels in patients.