What is the normal range for arterial carbon dioxide (CO2) levels?

The normal range for arterial carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in adults is between 35 and 45 mmHg. This range is critical for maintaining acid-base balance in the body. CO2 is a respiratory acid, and its levels can influence the pH of the blood. When CO2 levels rise above this range, it can lead to respiratory acidosis, while levels below can lead to respiratory alkalosis.

Maintaining CO2 within this normal range is essential for proper physiological function, and deviations can indicate underlying respiratory or metabolic issues. Understanding this range helps healthcare professionals assess a patient's ventilation status, manage respiratory conditions, and interpret arterial blood gas results effectively.

In clinical settings, recognizing values outside of this normal range guides interventions such as adjusting ventilation support or administering medications to correct acid-base imbalances.