What is the recommended treatment for decompression sickness?

The recommended treatment for decompression sickness, often referred to as "the bends," is high-flow oxygen. This approach is crucial because it helps to expedite the absorption of nitrogen bubbles that form in the body tissues and bloodstream during rapid ascent after diving. High-flow oxygen enhances the elimination of nitrogen through increased pressure and increased oxygen availability, thereby promoting the healing process and reducing the risk of further complications.

In decompression sickness, the nitrogen that was dissolved in the body tissues at higher pressures comes out of solution and forms bubbles when the pressure decreases too quickly. Administering high-flow oxygen creates a hyperbaric condition, even under normal atmospheric pressure, allowing the body to gradually and safely eliminate these bubbles. This treatment also assists in reducing the overall effects of hypoxia, improves tissue oxygenation, and aids in the recovery of damaged tissues.

While fluid resuscitation and corticosteroids might have their roles in supportive care or managing certain symptoms associated with decompression sickness, they do not directly address the fundamental issue of nitrogen bubble reduction as effectively as high-flow oxygen does. Low-flow oxygen is insufficient for this condition, as it does not provide the necessary pressure and concentration to significantly impact the nitrogen bubbles.