Which method is used for internal fetal heart rate monitoring?

The method used for internal fetal heart rate monitoring is the scalp monitor, also known as a fetal scalp electrode (FSE). This technique involves attaching a small electrode wire directly to the fetal scalp through the cervix during labor. This provides a continuous and precise measurement of the fetal heart rate, allowing for more accurate monitoring compared to external methods.

Internal monitoring is particularly useful in situations where the fetal heart rate needs to be closely observed, such as in cases of suspected fetal distress, unusual maternal conditions, or when external monitoring fails to provide reliable readings due to movement or maternal obesity.

In contrast, the other methods mentioned, such as the Doppler, abdominal belt, and ultrasound, are external methods of fetal heart rate monitoring. While these techniques can provide valuable information, they may not offer the same level of accuracy and continuous data as an internal scalp monitor during labor.