Which of the following is a potential complication of severe bronchiolitis?

Severe bronchiolitis, particularly in infants and young children, primarily involves inflammation in the small airways of the lungs, which leads to significant respiratory distress. One of the most critical complications that can arise from this condition is respiratory failure.

In bronchiolitis, viral infections, most commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), lead to swelling and mucus buildup, which can severely obstruct airflow and reduce oxygen exchange in the lungs. When the respiratory muscles are unable to adequately ventilate the lungs due to this obstruction and inflammation, it can result in hypoxia and hypercapnia, ultimately leading to respiratory failure. Monitoring for signs of respiratory distress, such as retractions, increased work of breathing, and altered mental status, is essential in these patients, as they may require advanced interventions like mechanical ventilation.

While dehydration due to fever might occur as a secondary issue in severe cases, it doesn't typically represent the primary life-threatening complication like respiratory failure does. Chronic cough can be a lingering effect after a respiratory illness but isn't an immediate complication of severe bronchiolitis. Tonsillectomy is unrelated to bronchiolitis and pertains to other conditions affecting the upper airway. Hence, respiratory failure stands out as the most significant and